References

Bagley, K., & Badry, D. (2019). How personal perspectives shape health professionals’ perceptions of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and risk. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(11), 1936. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111936
Behnke, M., Smith, V. C., Abuse, Committee on Substance Abuse, & Committee on Fetus and Newborn (2013). Prenatal substance abuse: Short- and long-term effects on the exposed fetus. Pediatrics, 131(3), e1009–e1024. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-3931
Chasnoff, I. J., Wells, A. M., & King, L. (2015). Misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses in foster and adopted children with prenatal alcohol exposure. Pediatrics, 135(2), 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-2171
Chudley, A. E., Conry, J., Cook, J. L., Loock, C., Rosales, T., & LeBlanc, N. (2005). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Canadian guidelines for diagnosis. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal de l’Association Medicale Canadienne, 172(5 Suppl), S1–S21. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1040302
Chudley, A. E., Kilgour, A. R., Cranston, M., & Edwards, M. (2007). Challenges of diagnosis in fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in the adult. American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical genetics, 145C(3), 261–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.30140
Dansk Cytogenetisk Centralregister. (n.d.). Downs syndrom i DCCR 1970–2019 [Fact sheet]. https://www.auh.dk/siteassets/afdelinger/klinisk-genetisk-afdeling/dccr/pdf/downs-syndrom-1970-2019.pdf
Elliott, E. J., Payne, J., Haan, E., & Bower, C. (2006). Diagnosis of foetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol use in pregnancy: A survey of paediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes and practice. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 42(11), 698–703. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00954.x
Ericson, L., Magnusson, L., & Hovstadius, B. (2017). Societal costs of fetal alcohol syndrome in Sweden. The European Journal of Health Economics, 18(5), 575–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-016-0811-4
Flannigan, K., Kapasi, A., Pei, J., Murdoch, I., Andrew, G., & Rasmussen, C. (2021). Characterizing adverse childhood experiences among children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Child Abuse & Neglect, 112, 104888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104888
Greenmyer, J. R., Klug, M. G., Kambeitz, C., Popova, S., & Burd, L. (2018). A multicountry updated assessment of the economic impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Costs for children and adults. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 12(6), 466–473. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000438
Helgesson, G., Bertilsson, G., Domeij, H., Fahlström, G., Heintz, E., Hjern, A., Nehlin Gordh, C., Nordin, V., Rangmar, J., Rydell, A-M., Sundelin Wahlsten V., & Hultcrantz, M. (2018). Ethical aspects of diagnosis and interventions for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and their families. BMC Medical Ethics, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-017-0242-5
Howlett, H., Mackenzie, S., Strehle, E. M., Rankin, J., & Gray, W. K. (2019). A survey of health care professionals’ knowledge and experience of foetal alcohol spectrum disorder and alcohol use in pregnancy. Clinical Medicine Insights. Reproductive Health, 13, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179558119838872
Hoyme, H. E., Kalberg, W. O., Elliott, A. J., Blankenship, J., Buckley, D., Marais, A.-S., Manning, M. A., Robinson, L. K., Adam, M. P., Abdul-Rahman, O., Jewett, T., Coles, C. D., Chambers, C., Jones, K. L., Adnams, C. M., Shah, P. E., Riley, E. P., Charness, M. E., Warren, K. R., & May, P. (2016). Updated clinical guidelines for diagnosing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Pediatrics, 138(2), e201542. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4256
IQ-initiativet. (2022). Alkoholindex 2021. Stockholm: IQ-initiativet. https://www.iq.se/app/uploads/dbf6d9ab-iq_rapport_slutversion_webb.pdf
Lange, S., Probst, C., Gmel, G., Rehm, J., Burd, L., & Popova, S. (2017). Global Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among children and youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 171(10), 948–956. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.1919
Mamluk, L., Edwards, H. B., Savović, J., Leach, V., Jones, T., Moore, T., Ijaz, S., Lewis, S. J., Donovan, J. L., Lawlor, D., Smith, G. D., Fraser, A., & Zuccolo, L. (2017). Low alcohol consumption and pregnancy and childhood outcomes: Time to change guidelines indicating apparently ‘safe’ levels of alcohol during pregnancy? A systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ Open, 7(e015410). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015410
Nissinen, N.-M., & Frederiksen, N. (2020). Identifying use of alcohol and other substances during pregnancy: A Nordic overview. Helsinki: Nordic Welfare Centre. https://nordicwelfare.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/FASD-rapporten_FINAL.pdf
Nordic Council of Ministers. (2020). The Nordic Region: Towards being the most sustainable and integrated region in the world. Action Plan for 2021 to 2024. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers. https://pub.norden.org/politiknord2020-728/politiknord2020-728.pdf
Payne, J., Elliott, E., D’Antoine, H., O’Leary, C., Mahony, A., Haan, E., & Bower, C. (2005). Health professionals’ knowledge, practice and opinions about fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol consumption in pregnancy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 29(6), 558–564. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2005.tb00251.x
Pei, J., Flannigan, K., Keller, S., Stewart, M., & Johnson, A. (2018). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and the criminal justice system: A research summary. Journal of Mental Health and Clinical Psychology, 2(4), 48–52. https://doi.org/10.29245/2578-2959/2018/4.1159
Petrenko, C. L., & Alto, M. E. (2017). Interventions in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: An international perspective. European Journal of Medical Genetics, 60(1), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.10.005
Popova, S., Lange, S., Probst, C., Gmel, G., & Rehm, J. (2017). Estimation of national, regional, and global prevalence of alcohol use. The Lancet Global Health, 5(3), E290–E299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30021-9
Popova, S., Stade, B., Bekmuradov, D., Lange, S., & Rehm, J. (2011). What do we know about the economic impact of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder? A systematic literature review. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 46(4), 490–497. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agr029
Rangmar, J., Hjern, A., Vinnerljung, B., Strömland, K., Aronson, M., & Fahlke, C. (2015). Psychosocial outcomes of fetal alcohol syndrome in adulthood. Pediatrics, 135(1), e52–e58. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1915
Staton-Tindall, M., Sprang, G., Clark, J., Walker, R., & Craig, C. D. (2013). Caregiver substance use and child outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 13(1), 6–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/1533256X.2013.752272
THL. (2021). Päihteitä käyttävien raskaana olevien naisten ja vauvaperheiden palveluketju ja palvelukokonaisuus: Neuvoja alueellisen palvelukokonaisuuden rakentamiseen. Helsinki: Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos. https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-343-745-6
WHO. (2021). Global alcohol action plan 2022–2030 to strengthen implementation of the global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol: Second draft (unedited) 4th October 2021. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/alcohol/alcohol-action-plan/ada-action-plan-on-alcohol_second-draft.pdf?sfvrsn=a994ba7a_3&download=true
WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2020). Factsheet: Sustainable development goals: Health targets. Alcohol consumption and sustainable development. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/464642/Alcohol-consumption-and-sustainable-development-factsheet-eng.pdf
WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2021, December 3). Births with Down’s syndrome per 100 000 live births. https://gateway.euro.who.int/en/indicators/hfa_603-7120-births-with-downs-syndrome-per-100-000-live-births/